Carbon Cycle free essay sample

Since it is a cycle, it can start anyplace. Let us start with the air. The types of carbon in the environment are methane and carbon dioxide. Plants (living life forms) take in the carbon dioxide and daylight, experiencing photosynthesis to make sugar atoms (carbon obsession) for the plant’s vitality purposes. The plants at that point discharge oxygen once more into the air, and creatures inhale it in. The dirt, plants, and animal’s breath, discharges carbon from theâ terrestrial biosphere back to the climate. Next in the cycle, creatures (living life forms) eat the plants from land or sea, and the predators eat the creatures that ate the plants. As life forms are experiencing their natural pecking order, the natural carbon is passed starting with one creature then onto the next. At the point when plants, creatures, and waste items rot in the dirt, they will in the long run structure new non-renewable energy sources. One way people add to the reusing of carbon is consuming non-renewable energy sources. We will compose a custom exposition test on Carbon Cycle or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Petroleum products, made out of carbon mixes, were shaped a huge number of years prior and are discovered profound underground. We use it for things like fuel, warmth, and industrial facility machines. Since the time our Industrial Revolution, wherein masses of manufacturing plants were constructed, all the fossil consuming included a lot of carbon straightforwardly once more into the climate. Another way people discharged carbon into the environment is deforestation. They cleave down backwoods, which contain a great deal of carbon, and swap the spot for farming or lodging purposes. On deforestation, the air contamination from processing plants has: expanded air emperature, expanded deterioration rates in soil, and made plants send CO2 all the more rapidly back to the climate. Presently, there is an excess of carbon in the seas and climate, and insufficient creatures taking it out. Carbon is a major piece of living organism’s day by day life and structure. Simply our human body is made out of 18. 5% carbon. Living things need carbon, and we’re here to reuse the carbon so it can generally be util ized. As I would see it, carbon and living life forms are in a sort of advantageous interaction relationship†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦but carbon isn’t a living thing. Jocelyn for what reason would you say you are as yet conversing with me?

Biography Of Tim Burton Film Studies Essay

Memoir Of Tim Burton Film Studies Essay His first occupation for Disney was in The Fox and the Hound (1981). This first work was brief in light of the fact that the examinations considered the imaginative profile of Burton would fit more in the reasonable craft of the Black Cauldron. The Burton plans and thoughts for the two movies were not used to not be comprehended by Disney. Subsequent to going home on the Disney film Tim Burton started to grow increasingly close to home activities, including his initial two shorts, (Vincent and Frankenweenie ) the quale they had awesome acknowledgment by the pundits and the general population. Additionally started to compose and outline a Christmas sonnet, which years after the fact would charge life, Nightmare Before Christmas. Burton become a close acquaintence with Julie Hickson official and director of innovative improvement of Disney, Tom Wilhite, flabbergasted by his ability chose to fund his first short movie Vincent to $ 60,000. It was during this time Burton scholarly and specialization in the specialty of stop movement, for two months alongside different performers Burton gifted in the craftsmanship, Vincent made a high contrast story, in light of certain accounts of Edgar Allan Poe. To accomplish this Tim Burton enrolled the assistance of his preferred on-screen character Vincent Price who offered voice to the portrayal of the story. The play got various honors in Chicago France, still not marketed Disney ever. In 1984, Burton made his first non-enlivened short film, Frankenweenie it depended on Frankestain of James Whale, the play was a childs endeavors to restore his pooch Sparky hit by a vehicle. For this short highlighted entertainers Burton Barret Oliver, David Stern and Shelly Duval. The film got a Saturn Award assignment. In any case, toward the finish of creation Disney Tim Burton chose to excuse, holding that the short was unreasonably startling for more youthful crowds. It was not until 1994 after the achievement of future work of Burton when he started selling. 1.2.4-The union of Burton as chief and maker. The large endeavor of Pee-small: Notwithstanding the bombed working with Disney, Burtons work started to have some spread and grabbed the eye of certain makers. Griffin Dune including that offered Burton coordinating a parody called After Hours in 1985, was at long last Martin Scorssese responsible for coordinating this film. That equivalent year the entertainer Paul Rubens Burton offered to coordinate a film about his well known comic character Pee-small Herman. This work was the first Tim Burton movie as chief and creation was a triumph since its underlying cost 7 million dollars, film industry acquired benefits of in excess of 40 million dollars. In that equivalent film Tim Burton Danny Elfman solicited to form the soundtrack from the equivalent, thus start a chief arranger coordinated efforts increasingly united throughout the entire existence of film. Beetlejuice: In 1988, Tim Burton accepted the open door to coordinate his subsequent film, Beetlejuice was a dark satire. The film recounted to the narrative of a couple that subsequent to purchasing a decent house with a deadly auto collision. In the wake of finding his sad end the couple, presently apparitions attempting to make out the new inhabitants of the house with the assistance of a capricious bioexorcist Beetlejuice. This time the film highlighted in the cast, Michael Keaton, Winona Ryder, Alec Bldwin, and Geena Davis. Gotten a few honors including an Oscar for best cosmetics and film industry income of 80 million dollars. Batman: A Burton was offered in 1989 the chance of coordinating the primary element film from the Batman comic book character. The executive acknowledged the activity, if they can pick the on-screen characters and film feel. Burton and makers Warner Bros have been engaged with various conversations of pre-creation, as Burton needed Michael Keaton as an on-screen character who had worked with in Beetlejuice and the makers were thinking about a progressively strong on-screen character. Following the stylish of comic Burton at long last got what he needed, to utilize Keaton in the job of Batman and Jack Nicholson as the Joker, with the aim of pulling in the open uninterested in hero motion pictures. The film was a triumph, and he got in excess of 400 million dollars, turning into the best film ever motion pictures up until this point. Extra stylish psyche picked by Tim Burton for the city of Gotham City was adjusted in the accompanying funnies. 1.2.5-The colossal decade: Edward Scissorshands: In 1990, Burton composed another element this would be deciphered by the icon of youth at the time that Johnny Depp would play the character of Edward, a being made by an unconventional researcher (Vincent Price, who assume his last job before his demise). Edward had human appearance however after the demise of its maker was incomplete and had hands rather than one huge scissors. Edward Scissorhands was recorded in Florida and is considered by numerous fans and pundits of Burton as the best of his works, without a doubt Edward Scissorhands is the work gathered over the Burton stylish that makes a movie producer dissimilar to some other, either surface, shading, character plan or items. Batman Returns: In spite of the fact that Warner Bros would not deliver Edward Scissorhands, he was offered the chance to guide the spin-off of Batman Returns, Burton acknowledged the state of having full inventive forces. For that film was Burton Michael Keaton again in the job of Batman, Danny DeVito in the job of the Penguin and Michelle Pfeiffer as Catwoman. The film got a great deal of analysis for being excessively dull and not near kids. Still get an income of 160 million dollars, the Warner Bros. chosen not to have the administrations of Tim Buton after discovering that he was setting up another dry with a tasteful like that of Batman Return. So Burton chose to begin setting up another venture, this time coming back to its underlying foundations as an artist. Bad dream Before Christmas: Tim Burton had wanted to compose and represent a childrens story, yet in 1993 simply changing that story in his next film. Bad dream Before Christmas, is his incredible work of liveliness. Coordinated by Henry Selick, the film recounts to the narrative of Jack Skeleton, the lord of Halloween, who needs to get Christmas, adjusting their propensities as ruler to do this occasion. The film was made utilizing Stop Motion strategies and in spite of the fact that there was a mind-boggling accomplishment in the cinema world, is viewed as a clique film and extraordinary compared to other melodic film made it. Ed Wood: In 1994, Burton made one of his lesser known movies, an account life story of Ed Wood, thought about the most noticeably terrible producer ever. Burton gives recognition to the executive (played by Johnny Depp) which thinks about an immediate impact, for its shock and dream in this film included Martin Landau, Bill Murray and Lisa Marie. In spite of the fact that there was substantially less business achievement, helped the Burton film cogiera more fans and revive the enthusiasm for the film Ed Wood. Batman Forever: In spite of its aim to lead the following piece of Batman, Warner Bros. concluded it would be the chief Joel Schumacher with the goal of carrying the film to youngsters and Tim Burton would make his work as a maker. This reality made that Michael Keaton leave his job as hero, and was recruited Val Kimler set up. Tim Burton tasteful vary in numerous parts of the film which was opposite. The film created $ 335 million and Warner, recruited Schumacher to fourth, where Tim Burton do not take part anymore. Mars Attacks!: In 1996 Tim Burton comes back to coordinate a component film is attempting to Mars Attacks! This film is a mixture of sci-fi movies of the 50th and the all out annihilation of the 70th went unnoticed in the cinematic world, clearly the reality initial 5 months after the Independent Day, made the film to be defamed by pundits and open American, yet had generally excellent surveys abroad and won numerous admirers in promoting in VHS and DVD. Tired Hollow: In 1999 Tim Burton came back to his progressively unpredictable and extraordinary world, in light of a story by Washington Irving, which recounts to the narrative of the Headless Horseman. Including another understanding of Johnny Depp in the job of Forensic and Christina Ricci in the job of Karina Van Tassel. The movie won an Oscar for best workmanship course and two BAFTA grants in the classes of Best Production Design and Best Costume. 1.2.6-Year 2000. Planet of the Apes: After his separation with his better half Lisa Marie, Burton led a redo of the 1968 film of Franklin Schaffner. The film was a triumph, winning 68 million dollars in the main seven day stretch of discharge. In any case, the film was broadly panned by pundits and enthusiasts of Burton, to escape altogether from its style and dim, agnostic style of the principal form. In spite of getting done with an open closure doesn't appear to be any expectation with respect to Burton to proceed with the adventure. Enormous Fish: In 2003, Burton amazed everybody again with a custom Disney, Big Fish is a film away from the dull universe of Burton yet that reproduces a fanciful dreamland loaded with shocks. The film got four selections for Golden Globe And for some, fans is the most astounding film. In this film, Burton had the understanding of Ewan McGregor and his new spouse Helena Bonham Carter. Charlie and the Chocolate Factory: Johnny Depp again which is by all accounts their headliner, Tim Burton made this film dependent on a story by Roald Dahl, the film was a blockbuster hit 207 million in the U.S. alone. Portrayal, and the voice of Johnny Depp in the job of Willy Wonka, was perceived from multiple points of view as a film symbol and stylish. 9: Tim Burton delivered this energized film in 2009, the film got a lot of analysis, even that is viewed as an excellent stylish work, however absence of story. It is the principal enlivened film that Tim Burton doesn't settle on the strategy of stop movement and PC made completely. Alice in Wonderland: It is the most recent task of Tim Burton up until this point, this commission from Disney, will make a big appearance in mid 2010, and was the principal movie wherein the executive has utilized the strategy of 3D. In light of the acclaimed work of Lewis Carroll, Alice in Wonderland. Was reprimanded by fans to move a long way from their darkest work I have joined numerous

How Do I Write a Paper?

How Do I Write a Paper?When you need to write a paper, how do you go about doing it? Obviously, most of us don't really know how to begin writing a paper or dissertation. But don't worry, there are some simple things that you can do to make sure that you get the best papers possible.The most obvious thing that you need to do is to determine what type of material you are going to be writing about. This is important because you will need to have some type of a reference or example of that specific topic. Obviously, if you are going to be writing on a business or finance topic, you will be able to easily find examples of that topic from a book, business journal, or television show.Another thing that you should consider when you are writing a paper is to make sure that you choose the type of paper that you want. Don't assume that all types of papers are created equal. You should consider some different types of paper before you finally choose the type of paper that you need to write.Also , when you are writing a paper, you should consider choosing a topic that you are familiar with. If you are new to writing, this may not be very important, but if you are an experienced writer, you might want to consider this. It might be easier for you to write a paper about something that you already know a lot about.Finally, you should make sure that you really understand what type of paper you are writing. This may sound obvious, but many people think that they know how to write a paper and when it comes time to actually write it, they forget everything that they thought they knew. This is a big mistake and you need to make sure that you take the time to learn how to write a paper so that you understand it properly.While many people think that it is okay to write a paper without learning anything about writing, this is not really the case. You need to make sure that you understand the basics of writing before you begin to write. If you try to write a paper and have no idea what you are doing, you may very well end up throwing it all away.There are also many different types of online courses that you can take, and you should consider taking one of these courses. Not only can these courses help you understand the basics of writing, but they can also teach you how to write a paper in a more effective way. With the help of an online course, you will be able to write a paper quickly and with confidence.With these basic materials, you should be able to write a paper or dissertation that will give you the results that you want. As you move forward, you should start to learn about the different types of writing materials that you can use to help you write a paper. By taking the time to learn, you will be able to write a paper that will give you the best results.

Forensic Science 5.1 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Scientific Science 5.1 - Essay Example Carbon strip includes the utilization of an initiated carbon strip to assimilate the fumes from trash and afterward blended in with a dissolvable for investigation. Dissolvable wash is utilized when the flotsam and jetsam can't be effortlessly disintegrated because of high breaking point. In this manner after example planning gas chromatography is utilized to isolate the synthetic concoctions for distinguishing proof and evaluation (Gaensslen, 2008). 2. There are two principle goals of researching a fire scene: (1) to recognize the reason for fire and (2) its root. Since flames consume upwards, the consume designs are significant in attempting to comprehend the heading or fire and how it perhaps began. At that point purposes of birthplace are searched for to break down the starting points of fire. 3. At whatever point a dangerous explodes, it causes significantly more harm than the typical fire. Blasts are portrayed by an exceptional sort of burning that happens all the more rapidly and is fit for emitting a lot of warmth rapidly. Henceforth, the force of a blast is extraordinary. Igniters, groundworks, or detonators are utilized alongside primary charge that causes a ton of harm when they detonate. 4. Chromatography is basic division and examination procedure regular to both in exploring a hazardous or fire trash. Infrared spectrography is increasingly normal for breaking down explosives notwithstanding gas chromatography. Be that as it may, the nature of a blast varies significantly from an ordinary fire. 5. Assessment of an unexploded gadget is diverse on the grounds that dissimilar to having flotsam and jetsam or other physical proof, unexploded gadgets need to rendered safe, analyzed for all the segments, and recognized as far as their synthetic make-up. Be that as it may, detonated gadgets include minuscule examination and gas chromatography. 11. Follow confirmations are little measured physical confirmations that are utilized to make associations among criminal or potentially casualty. Move materials then again are those that are found on objects because of being moved due to contact (Gaensslen, 2008). 14. A control test

Idealised love in the Portuguese and The Great Gatsby

Romanticized love in the Portuguese and The Great Gatsby Free Online Research Papers Elizabeth Barret-Browning’s ‘Sonnets from the Portuguese’ and F. Scott. Fitzgerald’s ‘The Great Gatsby’ both reflect, in conceptual style and fluctuating settings and components, the experience of glorified love, expectation and mortality. The components utilized by Barret-Browning and Fitzgerald, contrast in their portrayals of these topics through different scholarly gadgets, two of which are ‘points of view’ and ‘motifs/symbols’. Barret-Browning’s work succession represents an intricate development of feelings as the artist travels through distress, self uncertainty, energy, dread, and eventually significant invigoration and satisfaction, even disregarding the fretfully waiting contemplations of her own demise, though, ‘The Great Gatsby’ follows the story of youthful Nick Carraway, an apparently unadulterated man from the West, who chooses to travel to New York to bring in his cash in the stocks and securities advertise. In New York, he is met with an account of affection, desire, infidelity and murder; it is a recounting the passing of the American Dream, and the ruin of the individuals who endeavor to arrive at its deceptive objectives. ‘The Great Gatsby’ is a novel that happens during the thundering twenties, or a time also called the Jazz Age. A period of preclusion and experimentation, the novel depicts both the mayhem and loss of ethics that numerous during that time experienced. In ‘The Great Gatsby’ Fitzgerald selected a mind boggling structure and a controlled account perspective, consequently giving the novel a more noteworthy demeanor of authenticity, written in a restricted first individual point of view, with Nick Carraway filling in as the storyteller and the main genuine voice. This intentional incorporation powers the peruser to encounter the occasions in the novel, direct, furthermore, Nick is mindful so as not to tell the peruser things he himself doesn't have the foggiest idea about, this is one reason that the novel is so persuading, Nick is by all accounts the main discerning individual, and he is the one transferring the occasions to us. In spite of the fact that Nick ma kes an association with all the significant characters all through the novel, there is no preferred association over with that of Gatsby, he becomes Gatsby’s’ friend and with this is the change in Nick’s feelings, just as the manner in which he portrays the novel. Scratch is in a general sense an audience to and eyewitness of Gatsby and his reality before he is a storyteller. Before he can reveal to Gatsbys story, Nick suspends and enters Gatsbys world, tolerating his terms of talk. It is definitely by articulating the two his confidence and his uncertainty about Gatsby that Nick turns into a model for the peruser notwithstanding being an essayist and narrator. As Gatsbys state of mind and character changes all through the novel so does Nicks perspective on him, in this manner influencing the perusers viewpoint. Gatsbys brilliant and understanding grin is the sole trademark about him that permits Nick to blur all through his steadfastness and love for Gatsby â⠂¬Å"There was something ravishing about him†. Having Nick as the storyteller gives an alternate point of view on what he assembled from the circumstance. Where Gatsbys story needs narrating quality Gatsbys very expressions were worn so tattered that they evoked no image† an open door is introduced to Nick to fill in Gatsbys vacancy with melodious exposition, his nonappearance with impeccable representations, and his quietness with words for the sentiments that Nick envisions his saint more likely than not felt. With Nick as the storyteller we can weave through the many-sided lives of the characters. The thought of glorified love is introduced through the relationship of Gatsby and Daisy, or rather, Gatsby and the possibility of Daisy. Gatsby assembles a picture of Daisy speaking to bliss and love. The time between his induction and return propagates this psychological picture. Despite the fact that Daisy doesn't match the hopeful picture Gatsby has built up, he can't see past the delightful hallucination. This speaks to the misrepresentations of an alleged single dream to suit all individuals, and carry joy to all who seek after it. Gatsby accepts he is looking for joy and love, however his excursion is tainted by the realism and irreverent way of life present in Fitzgeralds time. Similarly as the Dutch mariners previously set eyes on the new green bosom of the new world, Gatsby sees this otherworldly idealism in the green light-a theme in the novel. The passing of Myrtle and the idea of mo rtality is spoken to through Nick’s utilization of expressive language, he states â€Å"where Myrtle Wilson, her life viciously quenched, bowed in the street and blended her thick dull blood with the dust†, this outflow of life’s sad end here is supplemented by Nicks utilization of symbolism, we are left with the crude picture of Myrtle lying on the floor in dislodged desolation distinct message to perusers that life isn't never-ending and everlasting. Expectation is portrayed through Gatsby’s pursue of the American Dream, he doesn't rest until this is at last satisfied, it never turns out to be genuinely acknowledged and he winds up dying of his life for it. Gatsby is blinded by the dreams that remain among him and joy. Gatsby sees Daisy to be his joy, yet Daisy isn't. Fitzgerald analyzes the American Dream via examination, through the intelligent storyteller. In spite of the fact that the standards of the optimistic dream despite everything exist, featu red by Gatsbys desire and drive to develop himself, the ethical quality behind the fantasy has been subbed by cash, bringing about debauchery, defilement and particular class divisions between individuals. Fitzgerald speaks to the defilement and the destruction of the first, hopeful American Dream with the passing of both Gatsby and Wilson-two men who get by, and endeavor to better themselves with new cash. Gatsby anyway was baffled by his conviction that cash could get him satisfaction. The two of them have the endowment of expectation, however the set up request squashes them, he had a sentimental readinesssome elevated affectability to the guarantees of lifeit was a phenomenal endowment of expectation The Victorians followed the Romantics in having faith in the association with the arrangement of recovery, reestablishment and reuse. Barret-Browning’s works offer Victorian standards of marriage being the ‘proper’ approach to reaffirm love. While Barret-Browning’s recently discovered love gives the driving force behind the Sonnet succession it likewise, for the Victorian peruser, encapsulates the suitable verse for ladies to compose, in light of the fact that, it indicated a lady in her best job adoring and communicating assessments of affection. The artist speaker is the subject (oppressing) and the outcome is a scholarly investigation of affection and the assessment of the fantasy of an adoration association, which isn't changeless, endless and unrestricted. The writer endeavors to look past all that and basically produces all inclusive topics about mankind using language and symbology. Barret-Browning effectively restored the type of the Italian piece c reated by Petrarch in the fourteenth century and furthermore grows customary shows of such a structure to incorporate female variety that was at this point inconspicuous. Barret-Browning’s exact utilization of this inflexible since quite a while ago settled manly structure permits her imaginative ladylike deviations to rise. Normally the speaker of the work is a male, commending a quiet, or missing female object of love, here, in any case, the female article is in actuality the speaker of the sonnet and a participator instead of an eyewitness. She isn't ‘golden’ or ‘lovely’ yet rather dull, sick, and near death. All through the work succession love is depicted as constantly changing the individual or individuals encountering it, as though it were a sort of cure and treatment. â€Å"I love thee to the profundity and expansiveness and tallness My spirit can reach, when feeling far out For the parts of the bargains perfect Grace.† Sonnet LXIII. The language of this theoretical picture depicts love to be unconfinable. This is underlined by â€Å"when feeling out of sight† as the picture of the affection is depicted as being further that can really be seen which emphasizes the unlimited picture of adoration. The beautiful voices’ â€Å"soul† adds to the this picture as a spirit isn't an article which can be contained inside the body as it most likely is aware no limits, thus the depiction of adoration can be seen as interminable. This picture additionally delineates the size of adoration as the language of â€Å"depth and expansiveness and height† shows how tremendous the affection the lovely voice feels. The structure is a crucial instrument to the artist when depicting affection and connections in the sonnet. The sonnet its elf is written in measured rhyming and it is this auxiliary point that upholds â€Å"depth† and â€Å"breadth† and â€Å"height† to be verbally pushed. This implements the possibility of the unlimited limits and the greatness of adoration and connections inside this sonnet. The complement of these words features them inside the line making them watchwords and stand separated from it. Another auxiliary point is the utilization enjambment; this can feature numerous parts of affection and connections, which are attempting to be passed on. The enjambments of the lines add to the depiction of adoration knowing no restrictions at the two enjambments. The absence of accentuation additionally fills an auxiliary need â€Å" I love thee to the profundity and expansiveness and height† and repeats the vast picture of affection, as the accentuation can't upset the line as is prolonged. Piece XIII advances the topic of â€Å"can language speak to the experience or is it only a reverberation of experience?† The work starts with a rankled refusal to articulate the estimation of adoration, at that point changes into a failure, in having the option to grasp the human experience of affection. The sonnet utilizes conventional ladylike generalizations to communicate the estimation of adoration. Her ‘woman love’ be

Bipolar Disorder Illnesses and Conditions - Free Essay Example

In todays society, there has been an influx of talk and awareness being brought forward about mental illnesses and disorders†one of them being bipolar disorder. Bipolar disorder is commonly expressed in age groups from adolescents to senior citizens, severely impacting the lives of many. Bipolar disorder is a disorder that is characterized by mood swings and manic episodes. It is unknown what the cause of this condition is, but it is commonly believed to be caused by a combination of genetics, environmental factors, and altered brain chemistry. About 2.3 million American adults suffer from this illness with about one percent of people over 18 years of age. Bipolarity does not only affect the sufferers, but it affects those surrounding the victims, thereby leaving an impact on todays society. In America, more people are being diagnosed with bipolarity than in decades past. There is a significant backlash against the diagnosis of bipolarity (Bipolar Disorder). Bipolar disorder, also known as manic-depression, has two main stages: manic episodes and depressive episodes (Mood Swings). According to Ken Duckworth in Depression Sourcebook, mania and depression both include a range of symptoms ranging in severity. Mania is defined as a heightened state where a persons mood is elated and happy or irritable and unpleasant. During a manic episode, patients may experience increased energy, rapid speech, risk-taking, and impulsive urges. At the most severe, bipolar patients may engage in risky activity, sexual indiscretion, and substance abuse as a result of the impulsiveness. Depression is a state of prolonged sadness. During a depressive episode, the bipolar may experience a sharp decrease in daily energy, inability to focus, and change. At the most severe, the patient may experience suicidal thoughts and be unable to sleep, eat, or leave their bed. These episodes normally occur in consecutive periods, but, in a mixed state, the symptoms of mania a nd depression occur at the same time. Frequent episodes of illness within a year is known to be bipolar disorder with rapid cycling (pp. 33-34). According to Jerrold B. Leikin and Martin S. Lipsky in their article Bipolar Disorder from the American Medical Association: Complete Medical Encyclopedia, there isnt a known cause for this illness. Genetic inheritance of bipolarity may be a factor, as a person who has a parent or sibling with the disease is more likely to suffer from it than a person who lacks a close relative with the disorder. Bipolar disorder is equally common in men and women, where men first experience hypomania or mania, and women first experience depression. A woman is more likely to have a manic-depressive episode after the birth of a child, worsening days before starting her menstrual period (pp. 239-241). To treat manic-depression, the Depression Sourcebook states: While there is no cure for bipolar disorder, it is a treatable and manageable illness. After an accurate diagnosis, most people can achieve an optimal level of wellness. Medication is an essential element of successful treatment for people with bipolar disorder. In addition, psychosocial therapies including cognitive behavioral therapy, interpersonal therapy, family therapy, and psychoeducation are important to help people understand the illness and to internalize skills to cope with the stresses that can trigger episodes. Changes in medications or does may be necessary, as well as changes in treatment plans during different stages of the illness (p. 34). Following the diagnosis of bipolar disorder, victims are usually prescribed drugs such as antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and antidepressants to stabilize moody episodes. Antipsychotics are drugs used to treat psychosis, a symptom of bipolar disorder. There are two generations of antipsychotics. The first-generation antipsychotics may be linked to causing depression whereas the second-generation does not appear to be associated. Anticonvulsants are drugs used to treat seizures and typically treat epilepsy. Antidepressants are drugs used to treat depressive disorders. The use of antidepressants, however, in bipolar disorder is very controversial. Several studies found that tricyclic antidepressants may cause the patient to experience more manic episodes. Antidepressants are also linked to rapid cycling, which can be treated by discontinuing antidepressants. There is a little known effect of antidepressants in bipolar and unipolar patients, and they may, instead, cause mood-destabil ization. Another important investigation of the drugs of bipolar disorder diagnosis is the effect of combined use of antidepressants and mood stabilizers. When the drugs are used together, patients, rather than experiencing fewer episodes, are more likely to fall into rapid cycling (Recent Advances p. 423). In addition to pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy is a commonly prescribed treatment. If the treatments are followed correctly and consistently, there is a great success rate. Cognitive behavioral therapy helps the patient develop their negative thoughts and behaviors into being less harmful. Therapies that are focused on family work on communicational and coping strategies within families. In the most extreme cases, patients may need to be hospitalized for their safety as a result of psychosis, risky behaviors, or thoughts of suicide (Calistro). Manic-depression not only affects the patient but the patients family, friends, children, spouse, and others as well. In E. Fuller Torrey and Michael B. Knables book Surviving Manic Depression, Families are like mobiles When one member develops mental illness, it sets the whole family mobile in motion and affects each of its parts. An infected individuals family will feel a sense of loss, while others outside of the family, may only see the persons successes or public life. The reality for the families, however, is much different. Typically, families will also build anger and resentment in addition to the feeling of loss in a member of the family. Families must give up their personal time to care for the patient, indefinitely. The patient might also take up much of the financial resources, making it difficult for the families to live as lavishly as they might like to. Siblings to a manic-depressed individual will face similar issues, if not more. At a school-age, children are quick t o stigmatize other children for being abnormal. When kids value their peers opinions, this creates shame and added resentment. Siblings might also be forced to take unwanted responsibilities because of the need for increased maintenance of the patient. Bipolar disorder has a lasting effect on everyone involved (pp. 283-291). In conclusion, bipolar disorder is a mental illness that has physical repercussions. Although life as a manic-depressed patient is difficult, it is manageable through medicinal and therapeutic treatments. The effects of manic-depression, however, treated and untreated, may have severe effects on the patient, as well as on those immediately involved with the patient; these effects may be relieved with new treatments and increased awareness.

October PSAT vs. October/November/December SATs for Juniors

October PSAT vs. October/November/December SATs for Juniors Hi everyone,Wow...what a busy start to the school year. Summer was too short, as always! Anyway, I haven't had time to blog much lately, but there's an important "frequently asked question" I'd like to answer for parents of high school juniors: many of you are asking whether it makes sense for your student to take the October/November/December SATs, in addition to the October PSAT. My answer is yes; your student should take as many SATs as possible, starting now. Although your student is unlikely to receive his/her highest SAT score during the fall round of tests, it's worth a shot since the College Board now allows you to send only your best score from any one test date to colleges. The fall SATs will also serve as a more accurate predictor of a student's future SAT score, because while the PSAT is only two hours long, the real SAT is almost 4 hours long! Also, if your student is currently working with another SAT tutor or taking an SAT-prep course from another company, the fall ro und of SATs (3 tests total) could help serve as a "progress report" to see if the SAT-prep program you chose is actually making a difference. Remember that most companies do not use real SATs for their practice tests, so you shouldn't trust the score improvements you see on a company score report unless your student is also taking real SATs at the same time. As an added bonus, SAT scores are returned in about 3 weeks, while PSAT scores sometimes take up to three months to be released. This will give you more time to help your student put together a SAT and/or ACT test-prep plan for the remainder of the year. (Believe me, no student wants to worry about SATs and ACTs during his/her senior year, so you're better off preparing now.)However, students should still take and/or study for the PSAT, especially if they are high scorers. High PSAT scores can help one earn scholarships such as the National Merit Scholarship, and PSAT score ranges are also used by colleges to help assemble thei r mailing lists. While colleges do not see the student's actual PSAT scores, they may ask the College Board for the mailing information of students whose PSAT scores are in a certain range. A good PSAT score will help put students "on the radar" at countless prospective colleges. In short: take both tests! -Brian